A modular air source heat pump (ASHP) is a type of heating and cooling system that uses outdoor air as a heat source in the winter and a heat sink in the summer. Unlike traditional heating and cooling systems that use fossil fuels, an air source heat pump extracts heat from the air and transfers it inside the building to provide warmth in the winter. It can also be reversed to cool the building in the summer.

A modular air source heat pump is designed to be modular, meaning that multiple units can be combined to meet the specific heating and cooling requirements of a building. This flexibility allows for greater energy efficiency and better control over the heating and cooling system.

The modular design also means that the system can be expanded or upgraded as needed, without requiring a complete overhaul of the entire system. This makes it a popular choice for buildings undergoing renovation or expansion.

The operation of an air source heat pump is based on the refrigeration cycle, similar to a refrigerator or air conditioner. The system consists of an outdoor unit that houses the compressor, an indoor unit that contains the heat exchanger and air handling unit, and a refrigerant line that connects the two units.

When the system is in heating mode, the outdoor unit extracts heat from the air and transfers it inside the building through the refrigerant line. The indoor unit then releases the heat into the air, warming the space. When the system is in cooling mode, the process is reversed, with the heat pump extracting heat from the indoor air and releasing it outside.

Modular air source heat pumps are highly efficient, with a coefficient of performance (COP) typically greater than 3. This means that for every unit of energy used to power the system, three or more units of heat are produced. This makes them an environmentally friendly and cost-effective option for heating and cooling buildings.